This assignment is for ETC5521 Assignment 1 by Team quoll comprising of Jinhao Luo and Yawen Zhang.

1 Introduction and motivation

[FILL] Give the bigger picture of the data, and inspire the reader to learn more about the problem by reading your analysis.

2 Data description

3 Analysis and findings

3.0.2 Women performance in astronautical exploration

According to figure 3.5, while women have also appeared in space exploration, men have been the main force in this 49-year period. However, we cannot ignore the contribution of female astronaut in space exploration. Jacksona et al. (2019) indicated that women has preformed essential work in astronautical area since 19th century. Furthermore, Jacksona et al. (2019) also illustrated that the first women travelled into space was in 1963, and the first American female astronaut appeared in 1983. Female astronauts also contribute to the exploration same as male astronauts.

Astronaut gender amount comparison

Figure 3.5: Astronaut gender amount comparison

Female astronauts trend to increase in the space exploration. According to figure 3.6, although there was female astronauts appears in the space in 1963, there was a 20-year empty period for female astronauts until 1981. Such situation finished until 1982, and after that, female astronauts trend to increase in fluctuation along with year growing. And female astronauts have appeared in the astronautical exploration almost every year.

Global gender share in astronautical exploration of each year

Figure 3.6: Global gender share in astronautical exploration of each year

Overall, female astronauts have started to appear frequently in the space exploration, and experienced a general increase tendency. However, female astronauts are still account for a low share compared with male astronauts. While, Jacksona et al. (2019) explained that the possibilities and need for more females in astronautical exploration have been considered in the worldwide nowadays. Female astronauts would trend to contribute more in the space exploration in the future, and more and more female might appear in the universe.

4 Acknowledgement

The programming language used to analyse the trends of global astronautical exploration is R (4.0.2) (R Core Team 2020).

Following packages has been included in our Rmd file.

References

Blamont, Jacques. 2005. “International Space Exploration: Cooperative or Competitive?” Space Policy 21 (2): 89–92.

Corlett, Tatsuya, Mariya Stavnichuk, and Svetlana V Komarova. 2020. “Population Analysis of Space Travelers.” Life Sciences in Space Research 27: 1–5.

Jacksona, Ms Shanessa, Patricia Knezek, Mrs Denise Silimon-Hill, and Ms Alexandra Cross. 2019. “WOMEN in Exploration: LESSONS from the Past as Humanity Reaches Deep Space.”

R Core Team. 2020. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.

Sievert, Carson. 2020. Interactive Web-Based Data Visualization with R, Plotly, and Shiny. Chapman; Hall/CRC. https://plotly-r.com.

Wickham, Hadley. 2016. Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org.

———. 2017. Tidyverse: Easily Install and Load the ’Tidyverse’. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyverse.

Wickham, Hadley, Romain François, Lionel Henry, and Kirill Müller. 2020. Dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dplyr.